BEEP
- Layout for this exercise:
1 - INTRODUCTION
- The goal for this exercise is to develop a hacking process for the vulnerable machine Beep, what is a retired machine from the Hack The Box pentesting platform:
https://www.hackthebox.eu/
2 - ENUMERATION
- Beep's IP is 10.10.10.7:
- Scanning with Nmap:
- When connecting to the web server at port 80 HTTP there is a redirection to port 443 HTTPS, where an Elastix application is running:
- Trying to use Elastix basic credentials like admin:admin, admin:password, etc ... an Authentication Required form is prompted to the user when connecting to folder /admin:
- Also, from folder /admin we learn that Beep runs FreePBX 2.8.1.4:
- Going to folder /vtigercrm we learn that Beep runs vtiger CRM 5:
- Checking port 10000, where webamin is running:
- The authentication form reveals session_login.cgi:
3 - EXPLOITATION
- Let's use two ways to exploit the vulnerable machine Beep:
3.1 - WEBMIN
- We can try to get a reverse shell by using this bash script:
http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet
- Setting a Netcat listener at port 1234:
- curl helps to execute remotely the bash script, using options -k (for insecure connections) and -H (extra header):
- As a result, a successful remote reverse root shell is achieved:
3.2 - ELASTIX LOCAL FILE INCLUSION
- Elastix 2.2.0 is vulnerable to several exploits, for instance this one:
- Reading the instructions, it seems that graph.php?current_language allows a Local File Inclusion:
- Following the instructions:
- Viewing the source, the file is now readable:
- There are some interesting lines what must be noticed, for instance:
- Also, we can use the LFI to get /etc/passwd:
- Unfortunately access to /etc/shadow is restricted:
- In the same way let's have a look to /etc/asterisk/manager.conf:
- Now, it's time to bruteforce the SSH service.
- Let's create one file for users (picking up the most relevants from previous lists) and another one for passwords:
- Medusa does the work for us:
- Finally, it is easy to get a remote root shell just connecting with SSH by using credentials root:jEhdIekWmdjE
4 - CAPTURING THE FLAGS
- Reading the 1st flag user.txt:
- Decrypting the 1st flag:
- Reading the 2nd flag root.txt:
- Decrypting the 2nd flag:
